Evaluation of coronary dominance in pigs; a comparative study with findings in human hearts / Avaliação da dominância coronária em suínos. Estudo comparativo com os achados em corações humanos

Coronary dominance in swine has been poorly evaluated. The frequencies of each type of dominance have been described, but few details have been given as to the different expressions of each one. The aim of this study was to characterize coronary dominance in commercial breed swine. One hundred and fifty eight pig hearts were evaluated. The coronary arteries (CA) were infused with synthetic resin (Palatal 85% and Styrene15%) through the ostia after channeling. The coronary artery that gives origin to the posterior interventricular artery (PIA), and the site of termination of both the circumflex arteries (CXA), and left retroventricular branch (LRVB) were determined in order to establish the coronary dominance pattern. Right coronary dominance was found in 105 hearts (66.5%), and a balanced circulation in 53 specimens (33.5%). No dominance was observed for the left coronary artery in the hearts studied. The CXA ended on the posterior aspect of the left ventricle in 101 samples (64%) and on the crux cordis in 55 specimens (34.8%). In two specimens (1.3%) it ended as a left marginal artery. In all cases the PIA was a branch of the RCA, and was long in 105 hearts (66%), 55% of which corresponded to males and 45% to females, but this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.77). The AIA ended on the apex in 126 specimens (80%), 71 of which (56%) corresponded to males and 55 (44%) to females (p=0.74)...

A dominância coronária em suínos tem sido pouco avaliada. Descreveram-se as frequências de cada um dos tipos, mas não detalharam as diferentes expressões de cada um deles. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a dominância coronária em suínos de raças comerciais. Avaliaram-se 158 corações de suínos. As artérias coronárias (AC) foram infundidas através da canalização dos seus ostium com resina sintética (Palatal 85% e Estireno15%). Para estabelecer o tipo de dominância coronária, determinou-se de qual coronária desprendia-se a artéria interventricular posterior (AIP) e o lugar de finalização das artérias circunflexa (ACX) e do ramo retro ventricular esquerdo (RRVI). Encontrou-se dominância coronária direita em 105 corações (66%) e circulação balanceada em 53 exemplares (34%). Não foi observada a dominância coronária esquerda nos corações estudados. O calibre proximal e médio da ACD nos casos de dominância coronária direita foi de 3,84 ± 0,80 mm. Por outro lado, encontrou-se que este mesmo calibre nos corações com dominância coronária balanceada foi de 3,97 + 0,79 mm. (p=0,88). A ACX finalizou-se na face posterior do ventrículo esquerdo em 101 amostras (64%) e na crux cordis em 55 exemplares (34,8%). A AIP emergiu em todos os casos da ACD sendo comprida em 105 corações (66%) dos quais 55% correspondia a machos e 45% a fêmeas, sem que esta diferença fosse estatisticamente significativa (p=0,77). A AIA finalizou-se no ápice em 126 exemplares (80%), dos quais 71 (56%) corresponderam a machos e 55 (44%) a fêmeas (p=0,74)...

Determinación de la Dominancia Coronaria en Población Mestiza Colombiana: Un Estudio Anatómico Directo / Coronary's Dominance Determination in Racially Mixed Colombian Population: A Direct Anatomical Study

Los estudios de dominancia coronaria realizados en diversos grupos poblacionales han reportado gran variabilidad. El propósito de este trabajo fue determinar la dominancia coronaria en un grupo de mestizos colombianos. Se evaluaron los corazones obtenidos de 154 cadáveres frescos obtenidos como material de autopsia. Las arterias coronarias fueron sometidas a proceso de inyección con resinas sintéticas e impregnadas en solución de KOH al 15% para liberar la grasa subepicárdica. Se observó dominancia coronaria derecha en el 83,7% de los especímenes cardiacos, correspondiendo la expresión mayoritaria de éstos, a la dominancia moderada con el 42,8%. La circulación balanceada se observó en el 9,2% y la dominancia izquierda en el 7,2%, con una mayor frecuencia del subgrupo II en un 3,3% de los casos. La dominancia derecha se presentó con mayor frecuencia en mujeres pero no fue estadísticamente significativa (p= 0,26). La rama circunfleja fue de expresión corta en 143 corazones (92,8%) y de expresión larga en el 7,2%. La arteria coronaria derecha finalizó entre la cruz cardiaca y el margen izquierdo en el 81,8% y con menor frecuencia en el margen izquierdo en un 1,9%. El calibre de la arteria coronaria derecha en los corazones con dominancia derecha fue de 3,21 mm (SD 0,53) y en los corazones con dominancia izquierda fue de 2,67 mm (SD 0,30), existiendo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p= 0,0066). Hubo un predominio de la dominancia coronaria derecha de expresión moderada, arterias circunflejas cortas y arterias coronarias derechas con mayor calibre en los especímenes con dominancia derecha.

There is great variability between results of coronary dominance among several ethnic groups. The purpose of this work was to determine the coronary dominance in a group of half caste Colombian sample. One hundred fifty four hearts obtained from fresh autopsy cadavers were evaluated. Coronary arteries were injected with synthetic resin and later cleaned with 15% of KOH for removing the epicardial fat. Right dominance in 83.7% of the sample with a moderated dominance corresponding to 42.8% was observed. A balanced circulation in 9.2% and left dominance in 7.2% with a major frequency (3.3%) in the subgroup II was observed. Although not statistical significantly different (p=0.26) we found major female right dominance. Circumflex artery had short and long trajectory in 92.8% and 7.2% respectively. Right coronary artery concludes its trajectory between the Cruz cordis and the left margin in 81.8% and in the left margin in 1.9%. In right coronary dominance the caliperof right coronary arteries was 3.21 mm (SD 0.53) and 2.67 mm (SD 0.30) for the left coronary dominance with an statistical significative difference (p=0.0066). In right coronary dominance sample there was prevalence of the moderated expression, short circumflex arteries (all dominances) and a major caliper in the right coronary dominance.